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Two papers by researchers and policy practitioners provide evidence-based suggestions to help Japan's health system continue to flourish, even as its population rapidly ages.
Breastfeeding is widely recognized for its important role in supporting a child's early growth and immune system development. Previous studies have found that exclusive breastfeeding for 4 to 6 months is associated with a lower risk of bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis during early childhood. Recognizing these health benefits, the World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life. Despite its positive effects, its impact on food allergies remains inconclusive.
For veterans with type 2 diabetes (T2D) receiving basal insulin therapy, the addition of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) does not increase the rate of insulin discontinuation compared with other glucose-lowering agents, according to a study published online July 14 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.
Migraines, digestive problems, anxiety and depression can be part of endometriosis, although they are often interpreted as separate conditions. Research led by the Sant Pau Research Institute (IR Sant Pau) and published in Human Reproduction has identified different symptom patterns in more than 22,000 women, reinforcing the idea that the disease extends far beyond its traditional gynecological manifestations.
Researchers at Umeå University have identified changes in the body's major antioxidant systems in patients with hereditary transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis. The findings support the hypothesis that oxidative stress contributes to disease development and also identify new biomarkers that may help detect individuals at increased risk of developing the disease. The results have been published in the journal Biomarker Research.
Being overweight and obesity may contribute to significantly more cancer cases than previously thought. This is the conclusion reached by researchers at the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ). Their analysis shows that when more accurate measures of body fat and methodological biases are considered, more than 10% of all cancer cases can be attributed to increased body weight—nearly twice as many as previous estimates suggested.
University of Manchester scientists have uncovered evidence that a buildup of a common body waste product in the brain could help drive two of the most devastating neurological diseases.
A study using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has found that patients with schizophrenia had significantly lower muscarinic acetylcholine M1 receptor availability (about 13%–19%) across multiple brain regions than healthy individuals. Reduced M1 receptor availability affects several brain regions involved in cognition, learning, memory and executive function. The findings in Biological Psychiatry provide the first in vivo evidence supporting widespread M1 receptor deficits in schizophrenia.
The sharp fall in EU nurses joining the NHS after the Brexit referendum may have contributed to more than 1,200 additional patient deaths each year in England, according to new research led by the University of Surrey in partnership with the University of Aberdeen, Harvard Business School and Vienna University of Economics and Business (WU).
Cancer develops when the body's systems for controlling cell growth break down, allowing cells to multiply unchecked. Texas A&M researchers have identified two naturally occurring molecules that appear to help restore those controls, offering a potential new strategy for slowing the progression of lung cancer.
Perimenopause uncertainty is prevalent among 34% of women aged 35 years or older, according to a study published online July 14 in Menopause.
By analyzing individual cancer cells, researchers from the Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) discovered the transcriptional regulators governing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tumors and identified key master regulators that control metastasis, revealing potential therapeutic vulnerabilities to block metastatic dissemination.
The popularity of GLP-1 drugs has created a new generation of body contouring patients and a new set of challenges for plastic surgeons.
A neuroprosthetic system has helped a man with paralysis move his hand and feel touch again following a spinal cord injury, reports research published in Nature Medicine. Some of the system's benefits continued even when the device was turned off, suggesting that it may support longer-term recovery as well as help movement in real time.
Do your hands hurt when you use your phone? All that texting and scrolling might be stressing out your fingers.
Scientists have, for the first time, mapped in exquisite three-dimensional detail six major conformations of a membrane in the brain related to learning, memory and fear-related behavior.
A low-cost antiseptic treatment routinely used in health care settings could help reduce the risk of life-threatening infections in newborn babies, according to new research led by scientists at City St George's.
When a dog smells of cigarette smoke, veterinarians immediately understand that the animal is breathing in secondhand smoke. Known as a "smoker's poodle," the pet "presumably sits on somebody's lap as they smoke, and we think, 'Oh, this is bad for the animal,'" says Elizabeth Rozanski, D.V.M., DACVIM (SAIM), DACVECC, a professor of small animal clinical sciences at Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University.
From disease surveillance to clinical care, artificial intelligence is transforming health. As AI becomes more deeply embedded in decisions affecting population health, a new editorial argues that realizing AI's full potential requires public health leadership alongside technical innovation.
Scientists from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and collaborators have identified the RNA-binding protein RBM5 as a potential vulnerability in a set of difficult-to-treat childhood leukemias. They characterized how RBM5 regulates and interacts with the well-known cancer-driving protein MYC, which has long been considered impossible to effectively and directly target with existing cancer drugs. The findings, published today in Leukemia, present a new opportunity to develop targeted therapeutic interventions.