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Dietary fiber supplement shows promise for fatty liver, with effects linked to gut microbiota

A new study is the first to investigate the effects of prebiotic xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) on fatty liver in humans. The findings suggest the fiber supplement may reduce harmful metabolic byproducts in the gut and thereby improve liver health. Importantly, the composition of the gut microbiota before supplementation influences the benefits observed. The study was conducted by researchers from the University of Jyväskylä and the University of Eastern Finland and is published in npj Gut and Liver.

Phys.org

A waltz over evolutionary timescales: Why it's so hard for animals to invent a new mating dance

"Love makes fools of all of us," wrote 19th-century novelist William Makepeace Thackeray. A moment spent watching the pigeons at your local park suggests he was right: males with puffed-up, shimmering necks hop, pirouette, coo, and bow to capture the attention of unimpressed females.

Phys.org

Do shark culls keep people safe in the ocean? Here's what the science says

A young mother remains in hospital after being bitten by a shark at Coogee Beach in Sydney on Saturday morning. Leah Stewart, 35, was swimming about 30 meters (33 yards) offshore when the shark—believed to be a 3- to 4-meter (10- to 13-foot) great white shark—struck.

Medical Xpress

Fixed-duration triplet therapy demonstrates efficacy for patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Triplet therapy with pirtobrutinib, venetoclax and rituximab as a two-year fixed-duration therapy improves progression-free survival for patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) compared with standard-of-care venetoclax plus rituximab therapy, according to interim data from the randomized, phase 3 BRUIN CLL-322 clinical trial. Matthew Davids, MD, MMSc, chief of the Division of Lymphoma at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, presented the results in the Late-Breaking Abstract session at the European Hematology Association 2026 Congress in Stockholm, Sweden, on June 14, 2026.

Phys.org

Redefined conformity model beats averaging in five real-world tests of opinion dynamics

Imagine you poll your friends on how many minutes per pound to roast a turkey. Five respond with 15 minutes; one answers 33 minutes. The most popular model of conformity, the French-Harary-DeGroot model (or more commonly, DeGroot model), assumes that you would carefully weigh all six recommendations, calculating a cooking time of 18 minutes per pound. But under a model of conformity previously published by SFI Complexity Postdoctoral Fellow Kaleda Denton and colleagues, you would disregard the outlier and move ahead with 15.

Medical Xpress

Brain-computer interface enables independent, accurate communication for man living with ALS

A new study demonstrates that a person with severe paralysis caused by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) can use a brain-computer interface (BCI) at home to communicate, work and interact with the digital world—without the need for researcher support. Published in Nature Medicine, the results mark a significant step toward delivering practical assistive technology for people with severe speech and motor impairments.

Phys.org

As AI plays a bigger role in relationships, true intimacy is getting lost

The CEO of dating app Hinge recently suggested that generation Z, "struggling to have the confidence to put themselves out there," needs AI to help them find love. Apparently, without AI tools, younger people will struggle to express who they really are.

Phys.org

Predators on the move may link the evolution of species thousands of kilometers apart

Can a snake in Thailand influence the evolution of a snake in the Philippines even if the two species never cross paths? According to a new study, the answer may be yes. The research suggests that migratory predators can act as evolutionary "messengers," carrying their avoidance behavior across continents and linking the fates of species separated by thousands of kilometers.

Medical Xpress

Targeting delivery to the lungs: Inhaled vitamin D could be new strategy

People with chronic lung diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and cystic fibrosis tend to have low vitamin D levels, and these low levels are linked to worse respiratory health outcomes. This has led to many studies examining vitamin D supplements (pills taken by mouth) as a treatment for lung diseases.

NASA Science

Amendment 59: Several Updates to the ROSES-25 Summary of Solicitation

Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Sciences (ROSES)-2025 is an ongoing “omnibus” or “umbrella” solicitation meaning that it includes many individual program elements each with its own topics and due dates. Refer to Table 3 of ROSES-25 for a list of those program elements. The ROSES-25 “Summary of Solicitation” is the front matter that sets […] The post Amendment 59: Several Updates to the ROSES-25 Summary of Solicitation appeared first on NASA Science.

CDC Food Safety

Western Mixers Produce & Nuts Issues Allergy Alert on Undeclared Peanuts in First Street Brand, Dark Chocolate Raisins

Western Mixers Produce & Nuts, Inc., Ontario, California is recalling: First Street brand, Dark Chocolate Raisins, 9 oz., because the product may contain undeclared dark chocolate peanuts. People who have an allergy or severe sensitivity to peanuts run the risk of serious or life-threatening allergi

Medical Xpress

Behavioral modifications like goal setting could lead to greater weight loss on tirzepatide

One of the largest real-world studies of people taking GLP-1 medications found women, those without pre-existing conditions such as type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, and behavioral factors such as previously setting a weight goal were the best predictors of total weight loss, according to a study presented at ENDO 2026, the Endocrine Society's annual meeting in Chicago.

Medical Xpress

Tirzepatide may change how the body uses energy, trial suggests

Tirzepatide doesn't just help people lose weight; it also activates brown adipose tissue, representing a major milestone in obesity research, according to a study presented at ENDO 2026, the Endocrine Society's annual meeting in Chicago.

NASA Science

NASA’s Chandra Finds Unexpected Fireworks in Aftermath of Stellar Explosions

The aftermath of a supernova, a stellar explosion, is usually a slowly fading cloud of hot gas. So when astronomers pointed NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory at the nearby galaxy Messier 83 (M83), they did not expect to find a population of supernova remnants, or the debris from these explosions, showing dramatic changes in their brightness. […] The post NASA’s Chandra Finds Unexpected Fireworks in Aftermath of Stellar Explosions appeared first on NASA Science.

Medical Xpress

World's largest genetic study of 'moliness' helps unravel mysteries of melanoma

QIMR Berghofer scientists have uncovered hundreds of genes that play a role in the growth of both moles and melanoma, in a discovery that could lead to new ways of preventing and treating the deadliest form of skin cancer. The world's largest genetics study of "moliness," published in Nature Communications, is unraveling the complex causes of both moles and melanomas that are not related to well-known risks caused by sun exposure, skin color and pigmentation.

Phys.org

El Niño is back, and ocean temperatures are already near record highs—that can spell disaster for fish and corals

It's official: El Niño is back. By late fall 2026, forecast models give a 2-in-3 chance of a strong-to-very-strong El Niño affecting the weather, climate and ocean temperatures across the planet.

Phys.org

Lithium spike reveals sun-like star likely swallowed its planet

A team of astronomers, led by Brooke Kotten of the University of Michigan, has shown that TOI-5882—a sunlike star located some 1,300 light-years away—has likely eaten one of its planets.

Medical Xpress

As injectable peptides surge online, researchers warn regulation is falling behind

A new Viewpoint published in JAMA from researchers at the University of Queensland, the University of Toronto and the University of California, San Francisco, is raising concern about a fast-growing but poorly understood trend: the use of injectable peptides marketed online for enhancement purposes, often beyond the reach of traditional drug regulation.

Phys.org

New hybrid materials separate rare earths without harsh chemicals

Rare earth elements (REEs) are essential for everyday technologies such as smartphones, LED lights, wind turbines and many medical applications. At the same time, supply chains are under pressure because of the geographic concentration of production, and electronic waste is growing worldwide.

Phys.org

PACE satellite tracks fall colors with near-daily global coverage

Researchers have developed a new approach using data from NASA's Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) satellite to observe the timing and progression of fall colors across landscapes.

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