PLOS ONE
Correction: AI-powered detection of cyberbullying in short-form video content: A hybrid deep learning framework
by Ahmad A. Mazhar, Islam Zada, Manal Aldhayan, Seetah Alsalamah, Mashael M. Asiri, Manel Ayadi, Abdullah Alshahrani
arXiv 등 학술 논문. CC-BY 라이선스로 자유 재사용 가능 — 출처표시 시 상업 사용 OK.
총 453건
by Ahmad A. Mazhar, Islam Zada, Manal Aldhayan, Seetah Alsalamah, Mashael M. Asiri, Manel Ayadi, Abdullah Alshahrani
by Yan Duan, Weixin Wang, Yuanyuan Jin, Ming Jiang, Bolin Wang, Jianle Chen, Yun Jiang Research objectives Full-thickness skin defects present substantial challenges to the healing process, arising from the loss of the dermal layer, inadequate vascular supply, and insufficient growth factor availability. Although previous studies have established that growth factors and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) individually promote tissue repair, the synergistic benefits of their combined application for achieving superior therapeutic outcomes remain unclear. Here, we introduce a novel composite biomaterial: a hydrogel integrating nanoparticles loaded with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) genes (bFGF/VEGFA NPs) with PRP (termed bFGF/VEGFA@PRP hydrogel), engineered to enable the synergistic delivery of growth factors and bioactive components. Methods In this study, we hypothesized that the bFGF/VEGFA@PRP hydrogel can promote wound healing. This hypothesis was tested through various experimental perspectives and methods including material characterization, wound healing rate, wound blood flow signal intensity, skin attachment, cell proliferation, apoptosis, collagen deposition, and growth factor levels. Results In a rat cutaneous wound model, this hydrogel accelerated wound closure, enhanced local blood perfusion, and increased the density of skin appendages and collagen fibers. Mechanistic investigations revealed upregulated expression of angiogenic factors bFGF, VEGFA, and platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (CD31), the anti-apoptotic protein BCL2, the cell proliferation marker Ki67, and type III collagen (COL III) in the treated group. Conclusions Collectively, these results demonstrate that the bFGF/VEGFA@PRP hydrogel promotes wound healing through the synergistic enhancement of growth factor expression, angiogenesis, and COL III deposition. The combination of gene therapy with PRP treatment was found to be more effective than either modality alone. This study establishes a promising therapeutic strategy for managing complex full-thickness skin injuries.
by Octavia Pingault, Annaëlle Testud, Elsa Labrune, Bruno Salle, Mehdi Benchaib, Éloïse Fraison Objective To assess the feasibility of using a virtual reality medical hypnosis (VRH) device for anxiolytic purposes during frozen embryo transfer (FET) and to observe its effect on subsequent pregnancy rate. Design This is a prospective, single-center study conducted in a French public reproductive medicine ward between December 2023 and 1 May 2024. Subjects Women aged 18–45 years who undergoing IVF at the center. The present study included 50 women who had a scheduled FET. Interventions Study participants were using the VRH device during the FET. Main outcomes measures Feasibility was defined as optimal and incident-free device use. Anxiety levels were measured pre- and post-procedure using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y1). Women and caregiver satisfaction were assessed using Likert scales, while acceptability of the procedure was assessed by recording adverse events. HCG test was conducted afterward and compared with a concurrent non-exposed cohort from the same unit and inclusion period using causal inference to analyze pregnancy rates. Results 50 women were included from the active patient file undergoing FET at the center. The feasibility of using the VRH device was assessed at 96%, with 100% acceptability of the procedure. Women satisfaction was 98%, and caregiver satisfaction reached 100%, with a favorable device’s use opinion in routine practice. A significant reduction in anxiety was observed, with a mean anxiety score of 28.8/80 after the procedure compared to 39.3/80 before (p 100 IU/L, resulting in a pregnancy rate of 40%. Although a positive trend was observed in the comparison with the concurrent non-exposed cohort, the difference was not statistically significant (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.65–2.14; p = 0.583). Conclusion The use of a VRH device during FET is feasible and safe, suggesting a promising anxiolytic effect and a useful non-medical tool for optimizing care pathways in assisted reproduction. Further larger and controlled studies are warranted to confirm these encouraging findings and to more thoroughly assess the impact on pregnancy outcomes.
by Eugenio Trotta, Cristina Semeraro, Matteo Gatti, Gabrielle Coppola, Nicola Mammarella, Paola Palladino Learning is a multidimensional process resulting from the interaction between cognitive and emotional factors within the learning context; in this respect the quality of the student-teacher relationship plays a significant role. Although the literature suggests that cognitive processes and emotions experienced during learning and task performing play a central role in academic achievement, it remains unclear how these factors interact with socio-affective factors in explaining academic performance, particularly in second language (L2) learning from primary school. This systematic review and meta-analysis focused on the studies that jointly or individually investigated the role of emotional factors (achievement emotions), socio-affective factors (student-teacher relationship) and cognitive factors (working memory) in L2 learning during primary school. Our sample contained 19 primary studies with 5,340 participants involved in at least one of the factors of our interest. 16 out of 19 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Our results showed a positive correlation between working memory and L2 learning, differentiated effects of achievement emotions, with a significant negative association with anxiety, and a small but positive association with enjoyment. The student-teacher relationship was supported only by qualitative evidence, however, showing a protective effect of emotional closeness to the teacher in the learning process in the presence of negative emotions such as anxiety. Findings support the importance of integrating cognitive, emotional, and relational factors to understand L2 learning in primary school. Further empirical research focusing on positive emotions and relational dynamics in different educational contexts is needed.
by Hanah M. Georges, Abigail C. Fischer, Paloma Casanova, Vikki M. Abrahams Maternal infection and chorioamnionitis are one of the leading causes of preterm birth and neonatal morbidity. The relationship and mechanisms linking bacterial infections and preterm labor are well researched, however, less is known about the mechanisms involved in how viral infections contribute to preterm labor. Previous work from our group demonstrated that following bacterial triggers, fetal membranes (FMs) express elevated miR-146a-3p which in turn acts as an intermediate danger signal by activating TLR8 to induce a robust inflammatory response. Using an established FM explant model system, the role of this and other TLR7/8-activating miRs in the propagation of viral-induced inflammation was investigated. Following exposure to the viral dsRNA mimic and TLR3 agonist, Poly(I:C), expression of FM tissue TLR7/8-activating miRs (miR-146a-3p, miR-21a, miR-29a, and Let7b) were not elevated. Despite this, in response to Poly(I:C), elevated FM secretion of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and IL-8, and IL-1β was TLR7- and TLR8-dependent. To investigate alternative methods of miR delivery, small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from FM supernatants were isolated and found to contain elevated levels of miR-146a-3p and miR-21a under Poly(I:C) conditions. Furthermore, Poly(I:C)-induced IL-6 and IL-8 responses were reduced in the presence of an inhibitor of sEV biogenesis/release, and IL-6 and IL-1β production was reduced in the presence of a miR-146a-3p inhibitor. Together, these data suggests that sEVs produced from virally-stimulated human FMs contain and deliver elevated miR-146a-3p which acts as a danger signal to drive perpetuate inflammation via TLR7 and TLR8 activation. This work demonstrates a novel and important role for sEV packaged TLR7/8 activating-miR-146a-3p in FM inflammatory responses to viral infections.
by Fengling Tan, Guangjing Yin, Pengpeng Zhao, Guocheng Sun, Zhe Li, Zongtang Zhang Soil nailing is widely used to improve slope stability, yet the mechanical response of soil-nailed slopes subjected to surcharge loading remains insufficiently understood, particularly at the mesoscopic level. In this study, the discrete element method (DEM) was employed to investigate the progressive failure process, macroscopic stability, and micromechanical behaviors of a soil-nailed slope subjected to point loading and distributed linear loading with varying magnitudes and loading widths. The numerical results show that surcharge loading significantly reduces slope stability and increases deformation. Under point loading, the safety factor decreases continuously with increasing load magnitude and the deformation remains highly localized. Under linear loading, the safety factor decreases sharply as the loading width increases from 0 to approximately 1.5–2.0 m, and then tends to stabilize, whereas displacement continues to increase monotonically. Micromechanical analyses indicate that surcharge loading promotes rapid accumulation of elastic strain energy, intensifies particle rotation, and increases stress heterogeneity within the slope. Load distribution also strongly affects the force transfer mechanism in the reinforcement system: narrow loads are mainly resisted by upper nails, while wide distributed loads mobilize deeper nails and shift the stabilizing effect to lower reinforcement layers. The results suggest that surcharge loads near the slope crest should be carefully controlled, and that sufficient setback distance is important for limiting stress transmission into the active failure zone. These findings provide insight into the failure mechanism of soil-nailed slopes under surcharge loading and offer practical guidance for reinforcement design.
by The PLOS One Editors
by Amartay Kumar Dhar, Sharmin Akther, Farhana Akter Bina Postnatal care (PNC) plays a crucial role in minimizing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, but the uptake of services in Bangladesh remains below the recommended level. Although logistic regression has been widely used, it may miss complex nonlinear interactions among social, economic, and healthcare factors. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by using machine learning (ML) to identify the most significant determinants of PNC and to enhance prediction accuracy. We compared logistic regression to several ML models, including Random Forest, XGBoost, CatBoost, Support Vector Machine, AdaBoost, and Gradient Boosting, using nationally representative data from the 2022 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) with ADASYN oversampling to correct class imbalance. Among all models, Random Forest achieved the highest AUC (0.9050), closely followed by XGBoost (0.9036) and CatBoost (0.9028), all of which substantially outperformed logistic regression (AUC = 0.8470). SHAP analysis of the Random Forest model indicated that delivery place, husband’s occupation, rural residence, wealth index, and media exposure were the most influential predictors of PNC utilization, alongside maternal education, women’s occupation, and age-related factors. The results indicate that ML is more effective than classical procedures for revealing latent patterns and making accurate predictions. Policy implications include encouraging facility-based deliveries, improving maternal education, reducing wealth disparities, and enhancing media coverage of health, particularly among rural and low-income groups. This paper not only identifies key drivers of PNC in Bangladesh but also demonstrates how ML can supplement traditional methods to reinforce maternal health policy and interventions.
by Yee Ran Lyu, Eunkyoung Ahn, Doori Kim, Changsop Yang, Mi Hong Yim Introduction With the growing interest in rotator cuff repair (RCR), substantial evidence on factors associated with reoperation is crucial for decision-making. This retrospective longitudinal cohort study aimed to investigate the rate of rotator cuff reoperation after repair in Korea and identify factors associated with reoperation while considering the medical services implemented in Korea using the Korean National Health Insurance Database from 2011 to 2021. Methods Reoperation rates in patients who underwent RCR during a 3.5-year follow-up period were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier analysis. Pre-, intra-, and post-operative factors were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression model analyses. Results This study included 221,361 patients, among whom 15,089 (6.82%) underwent rotator cuff reoperation during the follow-up period, reflecting mid- to long-term reoperation (6 months to 3.5 years after surgery), rather than overall surgical failure. Sex, age, health insurance type, healthcare institution type, comorbidities, primary RCR type, arthroscopy use, primary diagnosis of primary RCR, and time to the first outpatient visit for Korean medicine healthcare or conventional medical healthcare were associated with rotator cuff reoperation. Conclusion Our results may help perioperative decision-making and postoperative management strategies related to reoperation risk, while considering patient characteristics, and may support counselling regarding the timing of postoperative care.
by Naomi Gadian, Abigail Dunn, Donna Arrondelle, Sara Morgan, Paula Harriott, Lucy Wainwright, Emma Plugge
by Benjamin Wyplosz, Benjamin Grenier, Nicolas Roche, François Roubille, Paul Loubet, Ariane Sultan, Bertrand Fougère, Jérôme Fernandes, Didier Duhot, Bruno Moulin, Fanny Raguideau, Emmanuelle Blanc, Gwenael Goussiaume
by Noelia Rodríguez-Blanco, Nancy Vicente-Alcalde, Cristina Orts-Ruiz, Sergio Montero-Navarro, Cristina Salar-Andreu, Jesús Sánchez-Más, José Luis Duro-Torrijos Background Vaccination is one of the most effective public-health measures, yet adult coverage in Spain remains suboptimal due to misinformation and hesitancy. Nursing students, as future immunization promoters, play a pivotal role in vaccine recommendations. This study explored knowledge, attitudes, and recommendation practices regarding adult vaccination among undergraduate nursing students. Methods An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in the province of Alicante, Spain, between April and May 2025. An ad hoc electronic survey with 19 closed-ended items was distributed to students from the three universities offering the Nursing degree in this province; 562 students participated. Differences across academic years were analyzed using Pearson’s χ² test for categorical variables and the Kruskal-Wallis test for the continuous variable age (non-normally distributed). Results Overall, 39.1% of nursing students were unaware of the Spanish adult vaccination schedule with significant differences across academic years (55.7% in first-year vs. 27.2% in fourth-year students; p < 0.001). Only 44.1% reported sufficient training on vaccines. Attitudes toward adult vaccination were predominantly positive: 61.4% highly favorable, 62.5% highly effective, 66.7% supporting mandatory vaccination. Additionally, 65.5% would recommend all scheduled adult vaccines. However, 47.9% perceived resistance from other healthcare professionals when recommending vaccines (p < 0.001 for the increase across academic years). Conclusions Nursing students in Alicante exhibit positive attitudes toward adult vaccination, yet significant knowledge gaps regarding the Spanish adult vaccination schedule persist even in the final year. Targeted curricular reinforcement from the first academic year is warranted within these three institutions to strengthen their role as immunization promoters.
by The PLOS One Editors