Cesium Based Laser-Atomic Oscillator
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Abstract
We report the first demonstration of a laser-atomic oscillator with cesium (Cs) atoms.
A laser-atomic oscillator (LAO) is analogous to an active mode-locked laser with a self-excited modulator, i.e. atoms, at a ground-state hyperfine transition frequency.
Therefore, a LAO can be configured as the simplest active atomic clock or a self-oscillating, earth-field atomic magnetometer that delivers oscillation signals both optically and electrically.
With the current experimental Cs-LAO setup, when it is configured as an atomic clock using the 0--0 hyperfine transition, the short-term fractional frequency instability is around 10$^{-10}$ level.
When it is configured as a self-oscillating magnetometer using a magnetically-sensitive hyperfine transition, the magnetic field sensitivity is around 100 fT/$\sqrt{\rm{Hz}}$ at 60 Hz.
The presented Cs-LAO uses a cavity length from $\sim6.5$ cm to $\sim11.4$ cm.
Ultimately, the minimal length of a Cs-LAO device can be $\leq1.63$ cm.
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