TeV Electron Beams from Plasma Acceleration via Regenerative Cascading

Plasma accelerators sustain gradients orders of magnitude higher than conventional radiofrequency machines, but most proposed paths to TeV energies still require tens of stages, each demanding sub-micrometer alignment, femtosecond synchronization, and precise matching of the accelerating trailing bunch.

Here we introduce plasma wakefield acceleration via regenerative cascading, in which each stage self-injects a fresh trailing electron bunch and the accelerated trailing bunch becomes the driver for the next stage.

This approach has several advantages: energy multiplication instead of addition; automatic alignment, synchronization, and matching of the trailing bunch to the wake; and trailing bunch brightness reset in each stage.

Particle-in-cell simulations show the generation of a 1.1 TeV electron beam with ~0.3% rms energy spread and 0.12 nC charge from a two-stage, sub-kilometer plasma accelerator driven by a 45 GeV, 100 nC beam.

The low energy spread is achieved via dynamic beam loading in the evolving wake of the post-depletion driver that acts as a built-in energy dechirper.