Graph Structures for Local Distinguishability of Quantum Product States

We consider the problem of distinguishing sets of quantum product states with local operations and classical communication (LOCC).

Recent work has used graph theory to identify sets of product states distinguishable with one-way LOCC.

We extend these efforts to full two-way LOCC, with the first significant analysis of the set of graphs corresponding to bipartite product states that can be distinguished with two-way protocols after finitely many steps.

We derive basic closure properties of the set of distinguishable graphs and identify some classes of graphs that guarantee local distinguishability and some graphs that do not.

We also include several examples and forward-looking comments.