Bayesian optimization approach for tracking a moving target from far-field data in three dimensions

We investigate a three-dimensional inverse scattering problem for tracking a rigidly moving target from far-field data generated by a single incident field.

Extending our recent two-dimensional study, we develop a Bayesian optimization framework for simultaneously tracking the target's location and orientation over successive time steps, with the translational and rotational motions modeled as independent stochastic processes.

We derive analytical formulas for the far-field pattern under translations and rotations and use them to design a Bayesian optimization procedure tailored to the tracking problem.

We further establish posterior consistency for the underlying probabilistic model.

When the target shape is unknown, its shape is identified at the initial time using a fully connected neural network trained on a precomputed dataset.

Numerical experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.