Heat-shrinking materials get cleaner production route with lower temperatures and finer particles

Among the many modern technologies that shape life today, functional oxide materials are found in almost everything, from advanced electronics to energy-efficient systems.

Functional oxides with high-valent metal ions are a significant topic of interest because of their unusual properties, such as superconductivity, magnetism, ferroelectricity and negative thermal expansion (NTE).

However, manufacturing these materials often requires harsh chemical conditions that raise safety concerns and produce environmentally harmful byproducts. ...