Synchronization and Swarming of Two-Mode Stochastic Oscillators

Synchronization and swarming are canonical manifestations of self-organization, observable across scales from cellular processes to animal flocks.

This study investigates the collective dynamics of a novel agent-based model where individuals exhibit both spatial mobility and internal, two-mode stochastic oscillatory states.

By introducing a local, distance-dependent coupling between the agents' spatial configuration and their internal state transitions, we establish a mutual feedback loop that drives complex pattern formation.

Through large-scale numerical simulations, we identify seven distinct morphological configurations, ranging from stationary \textit{Filled-disk} states to highly disordered \textit{Intense-motion} regimes.

By performing a rigorous quantitative analysis of the rotational energy and radial dispersion, we transcend simple morphological classification and demonstrate that the system organizes into discrete, quantized topological attractors.

We derive a macroscopic scaling law, $\Omega \propto r^{-1/2}$, which proves that the emerging rotating states are not rigid-body rotations, but rather composite differential vortex structures characterized by spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking.

Our results suggest that these stable, quantized dynamical states are fundamental features of systems governed by bidirectional spatial-phase feedback, offering a robust framework for designing autonomous, decentralized robotic swarms.