Saturable absorption in defect-rich diamond nanophotonics

Diamond is a leading quantum photonics platform due to its ability to host qubits based on crystal defects such as nitrogen-vacancy centres.

Fabricating nanophotonic devices from defect-rich diamond, which underpins many quantum sensing technologies, promises enhanced performance and integrability of diamond quantum sensors.

Here we demonstrate microdisk cavities fabricated from defect-rich diamond that support optical modes with high quality factor (${Q}\sim7\times10^4$ at $1042\,$nm) and show that they exhibit saturable absorption.

Power-dependent spectroscopy measurements spanning 979$\,$nm to 1604$\,$nm are used to observe intensity-dependent cavity loss and extract wavelength-dependent absorption coefficients and saturation intensities.

At 1047$\,$nm, we observe saturation and measure a saturation intensity of $2.1\,(8)\,$MW/cm$^2$ and an absorption coefficient of $0.53\,(2)\,$cm$^{-1}$.

These results provide insight into defect-mediated optical loss in diamond nanophotonics and suggest strategies to harness defect-induced nonlinearities in future diamond photonic devices.