Dynamics and dose response in scaffold ligand binding

Physics > Biological Physics [Submitted on 8 Aug 2025 (v1), last revised 18 Jun 2026 (this version, v5)] Title:Dynamics and dose response in scaffold ligand binding View PDF HTML (experimental)Abstract:This paper considers systems in which two or more ligands bind independently to a common scaffold. Such systems arise in a range of applications, including immunotherapy and synthetic biology. We show that each stoichiometric compatibility class contains a unique steady state, and that this steady state is asymptotically stable. The main result gives a rigorous proof that the steady-state concentration of the fully bound complex, viewed as a function of the total scaffold concentration, has a unique maximum. This biphasic dose response is a characteristic feature of scaffolding systems and, in the special case of two ligands, plays an important role in the design and analysis of bispecific antibody drugs. Submission history From: Eduardo Sontag [view email][v1] Fri, 8 Aug 2025 17:10:59 UTC (222 KB) [v2] Tue, 12 Aug 2025 03:39:05 UTC (223 KB) [v3] Mon, 18 Aug 2025 13:14:31 UTC (225 KB) [v4] Thu, 4 Sep 2025 16:20:15 UTC (226 KB) [v5] Thu, 18 Jun 2026 12:14:58 UTC (3,151 KB) Current browse context: physics.bio-ph Change to browse by: References & Citations Loading... Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Recommenders and Search Tools Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.