CORTET: Robust generation of simulation-ready cortical meshes

Every human brain folds differently, and such natural variation confounds the search for imaging biomarkers of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Physics-based simulation can help determine the causal mechanisms that underpin this variability.

Yet every simulation must be initiated from a solid tetrahedral mesh of the brain's interior, and it is the worst element in that mesh, not the average, that decides whether the simulation runs at all.

Building that mesh from fetal MRI currently requires labour-intensive manual intervention.

We therefore present CORTET (CORtical TETrahedral meshing): a fully automated pipeline that converts a triangulated cortical surface into a solver-ready tetrahedral mesh whose worst-element quality meets a strict stability target with no manual repair.

By benchmarking against a general-purpose tetrahedral mesher on the same input surfaces, we isolate the pipeline's contribution from that of the input geometry, and we validate quality across a cohort of nearly 200 fetal subjects spanning the folding period.

A mesh taken straight from the pipeline sustains a numerically stable morphoelastic folding simulation of a real fetal subject.