Metastability and phase transition in a social network model with multiple opinions

We consider a stochastic opinion dynamics model on a fully connected social network with $N$ actors interacting by expressing opinions from a set of $M$ opinions.

At any time $t\geq 0$, each actor is associated to an $M$-tuple representing the social pressure exerted on this actor for each opinion.

The evolution of the matrix containing the social pressure of all actors for all opinions is a Markov jump process.

Each actor tends to express opinions according to their social pressure vector and this tendency is modulated by a polarization coefficient.

When an actor expresses an opinion $o$, its social pressure for all opinions is reset to zero, while for other actors the social pressure for $o$ increases by 1 and the social pressure for other opinions decreases by $1/(M-1)$.

In this setting, we prove fast consensus formation, existence of a unique invariant measure and metastability in a highly polarized network.

Moreover, by considering a communication bias parameter, the system exhibits a phase transition described as follows.

With a negative communication bias parameter, all actors except one stop expressing in a finite time almost surely.

Otherwise, no actor stops expressing opinions.