Strong corks derived from the Akbulut cork

We prove that the boundaries of the corks introduced by Auckly, Kim, Melvin, and Ruberman and by Tange are strong corks.

Furthermore, we prove that any nontrivial linear combination of them yields a strong cork, and we construct a larger family of strong corks that generalizes them.

These results rely on the instanton-theoretic invariant \(r_s\) introduced by Alfieri, Dai, Mallick, and Taniguchi.