Lindbladian quantization of mechanical systems with nonholonomic constraints

Nonholonomic mechanics describes systems subject to non-integrable velocity constraints, such as rolling bodies and skating motion.

These systems generally lack a canonical Hamiltonian formulation, obstructing standard quantization methods.

Here we quantize nonholonomic systems as Markovian open quantum systems, with the nonholonomic constraint appearing in a large-dissipation limit.

We find explicit Lindblad superoperators that reproduce the classical dynamics of the Chaplygin sleigh and the Suslov problem in the semiclassical limit.

The master equation is numerically simulated, and the covariance is shown to satisfy a relation predicted by the theory of metastability in open quantum systems.